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10. The roof of the world

Mount Everest, Nepal / Tibet (China ) 27 ° 59'19 .40 "N, 86 ° 55'29 .33" E

Although Mount Everest is considered as the world's highest mountain, the very roof of the world is in Ecuador.

Everest and Lhotse

Mount Everest, with 8,848 meters of altitude above sea level, is the highest mountain Earth and is located in the Himalayas, in Asia and the border between Nepal and Tibet.

In Nepal, the mountain is called Sagarmatha which means "the forehead of the sky ' China and Chomolungma or Qomolangma Feng which means' Mother of the Universe. "

The mountain was renamed Mount Everest in 1865 in honor of Sir George Everest, surveyor general of India from British origin.

Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay were the first to reach the summit on May 29, 1953.

Lhotse and Everest

Chimborazo, Ecuador 1 ° 28'8 .14 "S, 78 ° 48'56 .12" O

Although Everest is considered the highest mountain on Earth, the real roof of the world is Chimborazo, a volcano ma s top of Ecuador with 6,310 m of altitude. This volcano is the highest mountain outside the center of the Earth because the Earth's diameter in equatorial latitudes is higher than in the latitude of Everest (approximately 28 ° north). The summit of Chimborazo is just one degree south of Ecuador, so despite its elevation above sea level is 2,538 meters lower, is 6384.4 km from the center of the planet, 2.1 km farther than the top of the Asian colossus.

The first man who came to the summit was Edward Whymper with the brothers Louis and Jean-Antoine Carrel in 1880.

Chimborazo

Montipedia: Everest Journey to Chimborazo

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9. The space race

Cape Canaveral, USA 28 ° 35'7 .97 "N, 80 ° 39'5 .01" O

The space race was a competition between the U.S. and the former Unió n Soviet effort marked the parallel between the two countries to explore outer space and posing a Human Being on the Moon.

Cape Canaveral

The space race was a competition between the U.S. and the former Soviet Union marked the parallel effort between countries to explore outer space and posing people on the moon.

The space race began, dismissing the first tests on rocket technology, the October 4, 1957 with the launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth.

Apollo XI trailer off the Saturn V rocket

Over time, the competition got its goal on the moon. The program aimed to Russian Lunik drones reach the moon. The Lunik 3 managed to photograph the far side, Lunik 9 managed to land softly, Lunik 10 orbited the moon for the first time. Two vehicles were able to walk Lunahod its surface.

On the other hand, the Ranger program estadouniense their ships crashed into the Moon to make detailed pictures with their cameras. Only Ranger 7, 8 and 9 were successful. The Lunar Orbiter program placed five unmanned spacecraft in lunar orbit during the years 1966-1967 to map and help the Apollo program to put a man on the moon, which was achieved with Apollo 11 July 21 1969.

In September 2005, NASA announced plans for a new manned trip to the moon, scheduled for 2018.

The U.S. space program launches have been conducted from Cape Canaveral, since 1950, is the main center of the space activities of the United States. In 1964 the whole area is renamed Cape Kennedy in honor of U.S. President John F. Kennedy assassinated last year. But ten years later, following many protests, he was again called Cape Canaveral and the Kennedy name was only for the NASA space center.

Baikonur, Kazakhstan 45 ° 37'33 .54 "N, 63 ° 18'47 .44" E

On the other hand, the Russians made their launches from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Baikonur Kazakhstan city is administered by the Russian Federation and was built to house the staff of the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The original Baikonur is a mining town about 300 kilometers from the present city. Baikonur was named for its exact location a secret.

Baikonur

Official NASA (in English) Baikonur cosmodrome (in English)

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8. The dangers of the atom

Chernobyl, Ukraine 51 ° 23'24 .71 "N, 30 ° 6'15 .58" E

The April 26, 1986, in a surge of power in the reactor 4 Lenin nuclear plant in Chernobyl, the explosion occurred n of hydrogen accumulated in the core from overheating during an experiment in which simulated a power outage.

Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant

The Chernobyl incident was the worst nuclear accident in history. The reactor is located in Ukraine, 18 km northwest of the town of Chernobyl and 16 km from the border between Ukraine and Belarus.

operating equipment in the plant is proposed to conduct an experiment intended to enhance reactor safety. During the march the same there was an explosion that blew the roof of 100 tons of reactor causing a fire in the plant and a huge release of fission products into the atmosphere. The core, exposed to the atmosphere burning hot. The temperature reached 2,500 ° C and a chimney effect, radioactive smoke drove to a considerable height and spread throughout Europe. We proceeded to the evacuation of a 10 km radius around the plant, but the evacuation of the city of Chernobyl was not carried out until six days after the accident. By then I had more than 1,000 affected by acute injury caused by radiation.

jumped into the 5,000 t core to try to cool the core and built a structure called a sarcophagus, which would involve isolating the reactor from outside.

The Sarcophagus

31 people died at the time of the accident, about 350,000 people were evacuated from the 155,000 km ² concerned to remain large ; areas uninhabited for many years. It is estimated that freed about 500 times the radiation of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945. Some scientists fear that the radioactivity will affect local people for generations and it is estimated that there will be about 270,000 cases of cancer attributable to Chernobyl fallout of which 93,000 are fatal .

Vandellós, Spain 40 ° 57'19 .80 "N, 0 ° 52'34 .92" E

In nuclear plant Vandellós I was about to repeat the disaster. On October 19, 1989 a fire broke out in the turbine. The high cost of the measures required by the English regulator (CSN) made that the operators decided to decommissioning. Today is partially dismantled, with the reactor building in a period of latency, a process that lasts 25 years. In 2028 will proceed to run level 3, which consists of dismantling the reactor drawer completely free site. During the latency period the drawer remains locked in a coating, made galvanized steel.

nuclear power plant I

WHO - Chernobyl: the true scale of the accident ForoNuclear: Nuclear Energy in Spain

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7. Babylon and its gardens

Babylon, Iraq 32 ° 32'32 .07 "N, 44 ° 25'21 .56" E

the banks of the ri or Euphrates, in Mesopotamia, rose, with half a million inhabitants, the largest city in the world at the time.

ruins of Babylon

During the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II, around 600 BC, Babylon became a huge commercial boost and architecture, becoming a benchmark in the history of mankind. Among its citizens could find skilled workers such as scribes, engravers of seals, architects ... They were also major exporters were prized as dates, wheat, wool, textiles, cosmetics and jewelry.

The city was surrounded by two walled enclosures. The first, consisting of a moat and some 200 towers gave access to large areas of gardens and orchards. In this first part of the city was the summer palace of the king and the temple of the New Year Festival, celebrated in spring, at the beginning of the year for the Babylonians. In this vibrant and sophisticated city residents were very superstitious and Nebuchadnezzar knew perfectly cover the mystical needs of its people. Available to citizens of 35 temples and countless altars and shrines to develop their intense religious life. While his father would be remembered for his Nabopolassar war deeds (put an end to Assyrian rule over Babylon), Nebuchadnezzar would for its many religious celebrations.

Processional Way, Babylon, Iraq 32 ° 32'40 .34 "N, 44 ° 25'18 .92" E

The second city wall, rectangular in shape with a length of six miles, had eight espelendorosas doors giving access to the center of the metropolis. Through the Processional Way came to the most famous gate of Babylon, Ishtar Gate, dedicated to the goddess of love and war, decorated with blue tiles with reliefs of dragons, the sacred animal of the god Marduk, and bulls, their usual companions. Today, the door can be seen in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin.

Ishtar Gate, Babylon, Iraq 32 ° 32'36 .10 "N, 44 ° 25.20 .11" E

Ishtar Gate

access

After passing through the gate of Ishtar arrives at the palace of Nebuchadnezzar, with the legendary hanging gardens that he built to please his wife, Amitis Princesa .

Palace of Nebuchadnezzar, Babylon, Iraq 32 ° 32'31 .84 "N, 44 ° 25'15 .93" E

Continuing

Processional Way, reached the Ziggurat Etemenanki or "Temple of the Foundations of Heaven and Earth "identified as the mythical Tower of Babel. The ziggurat reached, probably the 7-storey skyscraper all the time.

Tower of Babel, Babylon, Iraq 32 ° 32'10 .46 "N, 44 ° 25'15 .00" E

In 539 BC the Persians conquered Babylon in 331 BC Alexander the Great entered the city making over time and political headquarters administration of his empire. However, after the death of Alexander's, new cities such as Baghdad and Babylon Selenca began to languish.

representation of the Tower of Babel

Pergamon Museum, Berlin (in groin ; s) Wikipedia: Babylon Wikipedia: Torre Babel Wikipedia: Nebuchadnezzar II